| 摘要 |
860,546. Differential gear; change-speed gear; positive clutches. FERGUSON RESEARCH Ltd., H. July 8, 1957 [July 24, 1956], No. 22808/56. Class 80 (2). [Also in Group XXXI] A motor vehicle driving gear of the kind in which the engine power is transmitted to the front and rear road wheels and in which a differential gear 25 is interposed between front and rear propeller shafts 22F, 22R includes a reversible shaft 30 having a driving connection 27, 31 with the differential gear, and a pair of one-way clutches 60, 70 interposed between the shaft 30 and one of the propeller shafts 22R to limit the differential action, the over-running member of the clutch 70 being rotated by the reversible shaft 30 while the overrunning member of the clutch 60 is rotated by the propeller shaft 22R. Locking or skidding of the rear wheels or spinning of the front wheels is prevented by the clutch 60 which couples the shaft 30 to the shaft 22R through gears 63, 64 when the speed of the shaft 22R falls in relation to that of the shaft 30. The clutch 70 causes the shafts 22R and 30 to be coupled through gears 73, 74 when the speed of the shaft 22R rises due to spinning of the rear wheels or locking or skidding of the front wheels. The gears 64, 74 have clutch teeth which engage a clutch member secured to the shaft 30 when the gears are displaced against spring action by pressure oil supplied through bores 86, 87. During reverse running, the oil pressure is withdrawn so that there is no limiting action on the differential gear. The gear-wheels 63, 64, 73 and 74 may have helical teeth to assist the clutch action. A gear-box 40 providing direct, reduction and reverse drives and toothed gearing 20, 20A, 21 connect the shaft 30 to a shaft 19 coupled to the turbine of an hydraulic torque converter having a free-wheel controlled reaction wheel and an impeller which is connected to the planetary carrier of an epicyclic gear. The latter has an internally toothed gear ring secured to its casing 15, which is an extension of the casing 13 of the converter, and a sunwheel which may be clutched either to the gear ring to provide a direct drive or to a stationary casing 16 to provide a step-down ratio. The casing 13, 15 has a flexible laminated member 11 connected to the engine crank-shaft 10 while the casing 16 contains the control mechanism for the converter and the epicyclic gear. The shaft 30 may alternatively be driven through only a conventional gear-box. A vane or gear-wheel type pump 90 supplies pressure oil for operating the gears 64, 74 and for lubrication. Each one-way clutch comprises a set of rollers interposed between flattened surfaces on an inner member and the inner curved surface of an outer member, the rollers being mounted in a cage spring-urged relative to the inner member in the opposite direction to that of rotation. |
