| 摘要 |
<p>The invention relates to methods and devices for separating loose materials using air or fluid and can be used in the food and chemical industries as well as in agriculture for preparing seeds for sowing and for selection purposes. The method for separating a loose mixture in a flowing medium involves gravity feeding particles, subjecting said particles to an aerodynamic, monotonically increasing action at an acute angle to the vertical by means of a cascade of flat air jets, and removing the separated fractions to individual collectors. Prior to producing the aerodynamic action on the loose mixture particles, the flow of each jet is switched into a developed turbulence mode by widening the jets along the vertical until they converge and at least two circulation areas which differ from each other in magnitude are formed in each interjet space. The device for carrying out said method comprises a hopper with a vibrating tray, and a jet generator that is arranged under the vibrating tray and is provided with vertical flat nozzles which are situated one below the other at an acute angle to the vertical. The height of the cross-sections of the nozzles, the distance therebetween and the mounting angle thereof increase from top to bottom. The device also comprises fraction collectors. The generator is coupled to a compressed air source and is encompassed by sidewalls. Each nozzle is provided with a rectangular rigid plate which is adjoined to the nozzle at the top and extends along the entire width of the nozzle. The invention makes it possible to simplify the structural design of a device for separating loose mixtures and simultaneously improve the quality of the division of loose mixtures into separate fractions.</p> |
