| 摘要 |
1,054,895. Heteropoly salts of bismuth and tellurium. SOC. EDISON. Aug. 23, 1963 [Aug. 23, 1962], No. 33.519/6.1. Heading C1A. [Also in Divisions B1 and C2] A heteropoly compound is obtained by reacting at least one heteropoly acid having as a central element either a rare earth metal of the lanthanide series or an actinide element, e.g. Ce or Th, and including as co-ordinated elements Mo and V, or an ammonium salt of such an acid with a salt, oxide or hydroxide of Bi or Te. The reaction is preferably performed in a liquid medium in the presence of a strong acid and the possible products have the general formula M x MfMo 10 V 2 O y where M is Bi or Te, x is a number between 0À1 and 18, Mf is Ce or Th, and y is a number from 37 to 73. The materials are used as catalysts in the production of organic nitriles, preferably unsaturated nitriles, from olefines, e.g. propylene, isobutene, ammonia and oxygen or a gas containing free oxygen. The catalytic material may be activated by heating at a temperature between 400‹ and 600‹ C. for a period of time between 5 and 20 hours. Prior to the heat treatment the catalytic material may be mixed with an organic substance, e.g. oil, glycerol, polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl alcohol, which substance decomposes during the heat treatment to improve the porosity of the catalyst. The catalytic material may also be mixed with a support material, e.g. silica aerogel. In the nitrile producing reaction, which is carried out at a temperature between 300‹ and 600‹ C., the contact time of the gaseous reactants with the catalyst is preferably 0.05 to 20 seconds, and the proportions of the reactants are such that the mixture contains between. 0À5 and 2.5 moles of oxygen, and between 0-3 and 2 moles of ammonia per mole of olefin. The reacting gases may bo diluted with an inert gaseous substance, e.g. paraffinic hydrocarbons, nitrogen, CO 2 , or steam. |
