PURPOSE: A display apparatus is provided to simplify a manufacturing method and optimize surface resistance or transparency. CONSTITUTION: A second electrode(139) forms an electric field together with a first electrode. A substrate(130) faces a display substrate between the first and second electrodes. At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode comprises a transparent conductive nano-material. The transmittance of the transparent conductive nano-material is from 73% to 100%. The surface resistance of the transparent conductivity nano-material is from 0 ohm to 1000 ohm.
