| 摘要 |
Olefines are homo- or co-polymerized in a solvent and in the presence of hydrogen using a catalyst comprising (1) at least one organic aluminium compound, (2) at least one compound of a heavy metal selected from the metals of Groups IV to VI of the Mendeleeff Periodic Table, at least one of compounds (1) and (2) being an alkoxy or aryloxy compound, and (3) one of the following:-organic polybasic acid esters, esters of organic acids, with polyalcohols, and polysiloxanes. Preferred olefines are ethylene, propylene, butene-1 and mixtures thereof. Catalyst component (1) is selected from aluminium trialkyls and compounds AIR3- nXn where R, which may be the same or different, is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon residue, and X is a hydrogen or halogen atom, alkoxy or aryloxy group, sec.-amide, sec.-amine, mercaptan or thiophenol group or carboxylic acid or sulphonic acid residue and n is 1 or 2. Catalyst component (2) is a halide, alkoxy or aryloxy compound of metals such as titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, thorium and uranium. Preferred catalyst components (3) are dibutyl, dioctyl and higher esters of phthalic acid; esters of higher aliphatic acids with glycerine, e.g. animal and vegetable oils and fats; and linear or cyclic siloxane polymers. The amount of hydrogen used is preferably 0.1 to 10% by volume of the olefines used. In the examples:-(1) ethylene is polymerized using monoethoxydiethyl aluminium, titanium tetrachloride and rape seed oil, in kerosene and in the presence of hydrogen. (2) Ethylene is copolymerized with propylene as in (1) except that rape seed oil is replaced by the dioctyl ester of phthalic acid. (3) Ethylene is copolymerized with butene-1 using mono-octoxy titanium trichloride, titanium tetrachloride, diethylaluminium monochloride and linear dimethyl - polysiloxane, in kerosene in the presence of hydrogen.
|
