| 摘要 |
FIELD: agriculture. ^ SUBSTANCE: assembly consists of tractor and tillage machine. The machine includes a frame, two rotors, two rows of feet and bearing wheels. The rotors are equipped with cutting elements and a drive from the power take-off shaft of the tractor. The feet are mounted on hollow spring loaded poles. The rotors with cutting elements are arranged over feet. Rotation axles of the rotors are located behind noses of feet and are designed to limited lifting by means of rotation relative to the frame to pass by obstacles. Downward rotation of rotors is restricted with chains. Cutting elements are installed in holders welded inside the hollow shafts and are fixed in slots of the shafts by turning counter rotor rotation direction. The cutting elements of the rotors are developed along single spiral so, that sections of spiral on the second rotor are continuation of sections of spiral of the first rotor. Profile of front edges of the cutting elements is developed along Archimedes spiral by formula p = (180 - 220) å. Transmission of the tillage machine has gear ratio facilitating circumferential speed of active working elements minimally required for soil tillage. A primary shaft-gear of the reducer can be quickly replaced without lubrication drain. The feet have bends providing them with space rigidity. Fixtures of feet facilitate quick replacement. The spring-loaded poles have slots; spring holders gradually sinking in slots compensate wear of mounting surfaces. The spring-loaded poles are fastened on hollow traverses. Loops of poles envelope traverses with a small gap facilitating feet to perform complex vibrations during operation and to lift partially winding on traverses when colliding with an obstacle. The first traverse is hinged to the frame; a lever for protection of passive working elements from stones is connected to this traverse; the lever actuates a shear pin and simultaneously a crane opening a flow of compressed air into a chamber of air booster of the clutch. The bearing wheels of the machine are mounted on the axle and can be hoisted and lowered by means of hydraulic cylinders. The procedure consists in simultaneous effect of cutting elements of the rotor and feet on soil. While tilling soil with the rotor each cutting element cuts a soil strip. Cut strip is partially transferred into the side of a ditch formed by the pass of the preceding cutting element. Feet loosen soil by performing complex trajectory in space due to summing progressive motion of the assembly and lengthwise and transverse oscillations; also feet tend to occupy the most energetically favourable position at each time moment because of changed thickness of soil layer over feet caused by rotor operation. ^ EFFECT: this design and procedure facilitate saving power expenditures for soil tillage, also reduce labour cost for replacement of cutting elements of active and passive working elements. ^ 5 cl, 18 dwg |
