| 摘要 |
<p><P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a developing roller having a surface layer which effectively prevents a low-molecular-weight component from bleeding from an elastic layer, efficiently applies a high electric charge to a negatively chargeable toner, and is excellent in toner-releasing properties. <P>SOLUTION: The developing roller 1 has a mandrel 11, at least one layer of an elastic layer 12 provided on the mandrel and a surface layer 13 provided on the elastic layer, carries and conveys a toner, and develops an electrostatic latent image on an opposing photosensitive member with the toner. The surface layer comprises a silicon compound film containing Si, N, C and H. The ratio of the total abundance of existing elements Si, N, C and H measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and elastic recoil detection analysis with respect to all elements is 90.00% or more, and in the surface layer the abundance ratio N/Si of N to Si is in the range of 0.20 to 1.00, the abundance ratio C/Si of C to Si is in the range of 0.30 to 1.50, and the abundance ratio H/Si of H to Si is in the range of 0.15 to 0.35. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT</p> |
