| 摘要 |
1,119,772. Cooling liquids in bulk. BOLIDEN, A.B. 3 Dec., 1965 [7 Dec., 1964], No. 51404/65. Heading F4S. A liquid, particularly a highly corrosive liquid such as hot sulphuric acid, is cooled in an upright (cylindrical or oval) chamber by a fluid coolant such as sea water which circulates through groups of tubes 9 (either U-tubes or Field tubes being preferred) each group comprising a radial series of tubes interconnected through header compartments in a structure forming the top cover for the chamber, and the total tube crosssectional area of a group increasing progressively outwardly from the centre of the chamber. The cover structure comprises a lid 5 in which are formed sector-shaped openings. These are closed by header sections (See Fig. 2) from which the tubes extend into the chamber. Each section has its own inlet and outlet 11, 12 leading to main header 17, 18. The liquid to be cooled enters the chamber through an inlet 2. An impeller acting against the inlet stream, causes continuous recirculation of liquid within the chamber to somewhat reduce the temperature of the liquid before it contacts the tube surfaces. Contact by the corrosive liquid with the joints between the tube ends and the headers is prevented by the provision of a cylindrical baffle 6 extending downwardly from the lid 5. The baffle causes a gas pocket to be formed above the liquidas the level rises. Wave shaped inserts may be inserted into the tubes to create turbulence in the coolant. These inserts are preferably of a material more readily ionizable than that of the tubes whereby any tendency to galvanic corrosion, will erode only the inserts. The coolant is maintained at a higher pressure than that of the container liquid to prevent the entry of corrosive liquid into the tubes in the event of leakage. The tubes and headers are of stainless steel and may be lined with copper. |
