| 摘要 |
1,146,415. Improving the nutritive qualities of soybeans. H. TRUAX. 18 Sept. 1967 [19 Oct., 1966], No. 42411/67. Headings A2Q and A2B] In a method and apparatus for heating soybeans to destroy or deactivate bitter and deleterious constituents, such as anti-trypsins, urease and fat-oxidizing lipoxidase, and thus make the soybeans less susceptible to rancidity and more palatable and nutritious to human beings and livestock, including poultry, the soybeans are cascaded in close proximity to a source of infra-red rays, so that the soybeans are heated by these rays to a temperature at which their skins (teguments) are ruptured by the pressure of vapour generated within the skins, and the resulting soybeans are transferred, without substantial fall in temperature, to a storage bin, in which they are kept until substantially all bitter and deleterious constituents are destroyed or deactivated. In using the apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, soybeans are fed, from a hopper 40 through a shoot 41 and a control gate actuated by an arm 42, into one end of a tiltable trough 11, and are cascaded through the trough to a discharge opening 47, by vanes 32 on a rotating, longitudinally disposed shaft 31. As the soybeans move cascadingly along the trough, they are heated by infra-red rays radiated from a gas-heated, cylindrical, metal grid 26<SP>1</SP>. A reflector 28, and adjustable ventilators 29 and 30 hinged thereto, cover the trough. Each vane 32 is preferably in the form of a wire grid. Fresnel-diffraction and Cornuspiral pulsating effects in the infra-red rays passing through the wire grids produce peak pulses having, for example, an intensity of 40,000 B. Th. U. per hour, per square foot, when each square foot of the radiating surface of the grid 26<SP>1</SP> receives 25,000 B. Th. U. per hour from its associated gas-burner. The temperature of the grid 26<SP>1</SP> may be between 980‹ and 1,370‹C. The atmosphere in the trough is preferably maintained at 205‹C. The heated soybeans pass from the opening 47, through a shoot 48, Fig. 5, to an elevator 49 comprising a tubular casing 52, a rotating auger 51 and a discharge tube 53, through which the heated beans are fed into a storage bin 50, coated internally with heat-insulating, preferably heat-reflecting, plastics material. The bin has an overhanging roof 58, which is separated from the top of the bin by a ventilating space 60, so that any condensate forming on the undersurface of the roof can drip away outside the bin. The heated soybeans may be stored in the bin 50 for 1 to 12 hours, and may then be cooled, as by air from a blower, and discharged through an outlet shoot 56. |
