| 摘要 |
It is proposed that the exhaust gas manifold be integrated into the cylinder head (100), a first for turbo applications, and that an associated cooling concept be provided. In the process, significant attribute improvements can be accomplished while at the same time achieving much lower system costs. For example, the advantages of this application are illustrated using a four cylinder gasoline engine with direct injection and turbocharging. What are particularly notable are the reduced fuel usage in full load and near full load ranges, lower CO2 emissions in European driving cycles, faster catalytic converter start, improved engine warm-up and heating of the vehicle cab, and significant reduction of complexity by eliminating the classical exhaust gas manifold and the significant weight and cost reduction associated therewith. |
