| 摘要 |
The present invention relates to fuel cell devices (10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500) and fuel cell systems, methods of using fuel cell devices and systems, and methods of making fuel cell devices (10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500). According to certain embodiments, the fuel cell devices (10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500) may include an elongate substrate, such as a rectangular or tubular substrate, the length of which is the greatest dimension such that the coefficient of thermal expansion has only one dominant axis that is coextensive with the length. In addition, or in accordance with other certain embodiments, a reaction zone (32, 33b) is positioned along a first portion of the length for heating to an operating reaction temperature, and at least one cold zone (30) is positioned along a second portion of the length for operating at a temperature below the operating reaction temperature. There are one or more fuel passages (14, 14L, 14R) in the elongate substrate, each having an associate anode (24, 24L, 24R), and one or more oxidizer passages (20, 20L, 20R) in the elongate substrate, each having an associate cathode (26, 26L, 26R). In some embodiments, the passages (14, 14L, 14R, 20, 20L, 20R) are formed by sacrificial organic materials (72) that are melted or baked out of the structure and/or by removable structures (92) that are pulled out after lamination. Bake-out paths (70) may also be used to facilitate removal of the sacrificial organic materials (72), which paths (70) are later sealed. Embodiments of the invention further include methods and devices in which a current collector (122) is recessed into the electrode (24, 24L, 24R, 26, 26L, 26R). |
