| 摘要 |
Artificial filaments, yarns, &c., containing organic derivatives of cellulose, are conditioned by applying a plastifier, softener, or swelling agent for the cellulose derivative, a lubricating agent, and a hygroscopic solid. Softening agents include polyhydric alcohols such as diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, glycerine, and propylene glycol, xylene, toluene, triacetin, diacetone alcohol, and the mono- and di-ethyl ethers of ethylene glycol. Where the softening liquids are hygroscopic, water may be added in amount substantially equal to that which would be absorbed from the atmosphere to avoid changes in volume, viscosity, or concentration. Lubricating agents include oils such as castor, olive, neatsfoot, lard, coco nut, rape, and heavy and light mineral oils; also fatty acids derived from animal and vegetable oils. As an example, sodium or potassium acetate is added to a mixture of ethylene glycol and olive oil. The liquids may be applied separately. Specification 351,084, [Group IV], is referred to.ALSO:Artificial filaments, threads, yarns, tapes, straws, ribbons, bristles, &c. containing organic derivatives of cellulose, e.g. cellulose acetate, formate, propionate or butyrate or ethyl, methyl or benzyl cellulose, are conditioned by applying to the yarns &c. a plastifier, softener or swelling agent for the cellulose derivative, a lubricating agent and a hygroscopic solid. Softening &c. agents include polyhydric alcohols such as diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, glycerine and propylene glycol, xylene, toluene, triacetin, diacetone alcohol, the mono- and diethyl ethers of ethylene glycol. Lubricating agents include oils such as castor, olive, neatsfoot, lard, coco nut, rape and heavy and light mineral oils; also fatty acids derived from animal and vegetable oils. Where the softening liquids are hygroscopic, to prevent change in volume, viscosity or concentration, it is preferred to add water substantially equal to the maximum amount which they tend to absorb from the atmosphere, e.g. 33 per cent for glycol, 43 per cent for ethylene glycol and 30 per cent for diethylene glycol. As an example, sodium or potassium acetate is added to a conditioning fluid comprising diethylene glycol up to 10 per cent and preferably 4 per cent of the weight of the cellulose derivative and olive oil from 1,5-2 per cent. The materials may be applied to the yarns &c. continuously with their production, particularly when produced by the evaporative process, or at any subsequent stage, e.g. immediately before knitting. Preferably the liquid constituents are applied separately, the hygroscopic solid being conveniently applied in the plastifier, softener or swelling agent. The liquids may be applied by passage of the yarns &c. across wicks or pads which may be supplied by drip tubes. Two or more liquids may be mixed together or applied as an emulsion. Specification 351,084 is referred to. |
