| 摘要 |
Disclosed is a method for controlling microbial or biofilm growth in a medium, the method comprising mixing a salt of the formula Yx-[NH2R3R4]+x, or a mixture of such salts, and an aqueous solution of a hypochlorite oxidant to form a biocide, wherein Yx- is a basic form of an acid Y that contains at least one moiety selected from the group consisting of a primary amine moiety, a secondary amine moiety, a tertiary amine moiety, an amide moiety, an imide moiety, a sulfamide moiety, a sulfimide moiety, and an amineimine moiety; and R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H and C1-8 alkyl, or R3 and R4, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 5- to 10-member heterocyclic ring substituted by zero or more groups selected from the list consisting of C1-6 alkyl, C3-8 cycloalkyl, halogen, hydroxy, -OC1-6 alkyl and -OC3-8 cycloalkyl; and x is 1 to 3; and the molar ratio of [NH2R3R4]+ to hypochlorite is at least 1:1, and applying said biocide to said medium. Also disclosed is an apparatus for applying biocide to a medium which contains a salt of the formula Yx-[NH2R3R4]+x, or a mixture of such salts, and a source of hypochlorite oxidant dilution having a concentration of not more than 24,000 ppm as total chlorine, and a mixing chamber operable to mix said dilution and said salt or mixture of salt in a molar ratio of [NH2R3R4]+ to hypochlorite of at least 1:1, to produce said biocide in said mixing chamber. Reaction of hypochlorite with salts of the formula Yx-[NH2R3R4]+x produces a salt of the formula Yx-[NHR3R4Cl]+x. Also disclosed are zwitterionic compounds of the formula [R1R2NCl-A-COO] and [R1R2NCl-A-SO3]. |
