| 摘要 |
Copolymer (I) comprising: units derived from ethylene (A) and/or propylene (A1); ester units (B); ethanol units (C); and ester units (D), is claimed. Copolymer (I) comprising: units derived from ethylene of formula ((CH 2-CH 2) n 1) (A) and/or propylene of formula ((CH 3-CH 2-CH 2) n 2) (A1); ester units of formula ((CH 2-CHOOCR 1) m - x) (B); ethanol units of formula ((CH 2-CHOH) x 1-) (C); and ester units of formula ((CH 2-CHOOCR 2) x 2) (D), is claimed. n1 + n2 : n; n : 98-643, preferably 124-515, where n1 is equal to n; R 1 : 1-15C alkyl, preferably methyl, propyl and/or 5-15C branched alkyl (in which the branching is preferably in position 2 or 3 alkyl chain), preferably 5-15C vinyl comonomer, preferably pivalate, isopentanoate, isohexanoate, isononanoate, isodecanoate and/or isotridecanoate, preferably 2-ethyl hexanoate or neoalkanoates, preferably neononanoate, neodecanoate and/or neoundecanoate; m : 2-105, preferably 16-71; x : 0.2-105, preferably 1.6-71; x1 : 0-0.30x, preferably 0; x2 : x to 0.70x, preferably x; and R 2 : 8-24C (preferably 14-20C or 14-18C) alkyl, where x is x1 + x2. Independent claims are included for: (1) the preparation of (I) comprising: providing an ethylene and/or propylene copolymer and vinyl ester comprising ethylene derivative units (A) and/or (A1) and units of formula (CH2-CHOCOR 1) m(B1); partially hydrolyzing alkyl esters present in units (B1); and then partially (preferably totally) esterifying the hydrolyzed sites by at least one fatty acid of formula (R 2COOH) and/or its derivative such as acid anhydride or acid halide, preferably acid chloride, where the rate of esterification is greater than 50%, preferably 100%; (2) a concentrated solution of at least one copolymer in distillate hydrocarbon, at a concentration of more than 70 wt.%, preferably 60-80 wt.%; (3) a hydrocarbon distillate comprising 0-5000 ppm of sulfur, and 10-5000 ppm of at least one copolymer, optionally in combination with other additives such as detergents, dispersants, de-emulsifying agent, anti-foaming agents, biocide, odorous substances, cetane improvers, anti-corrosion agents, friction modifiers, improvers of lubricity, combustion, cloud point and flow point, anti-sedimenting agents, conductivity improving agents, cold additives or lubricants; (4) a diesel fuel comprising sulfur (0-500 ppm), and a distillate; and (5) a fuel oil comprising sulfur (0-5000 ppm), and the distillate. R 1 : 1-15C alkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl and/or branched 5-15C alkyl. |
