| 摘要 |
The invention relates to the field of technological use of energy of ultrasonic vibrations and can be used in machine-building, ship-building and other branches of industry, in particular for deformation strengthening and relaxation treatment of metallic surfaces and welded joints, critical structures, which operate under conditions of vibration load. An ultrasonic tool for deformation strengthening and relaxation metal machining contains a housing, in which a metallic container is installed, which with a clearance encloses an ultrasonic piezoceramic converter of a thermostable tile (TT), a holder with impact elements, a stop in the form of a pin located in the housing and installed on the surface of container, a system of air cooling, a temperature transducer. In the case the container is installed with possibility of elastic axial reciprocating motion relative to the housing, which is recorded by the transducer. The transducer is included in the starting system of ultrasonic generator. In accordance with the invention, in the housing an indicator of the force of pressing of the impact elements is in addition mounted in the form of an indicator of stop displacement. The temperature transducer is installed on the ultrasonic converter. In the bottom of container an opening is made for supply of air, while in TT - open-end holes. The holder is perforated by openings toward the side of workable surface. The ultrasonic converter and TT in the volume of container have heat exchange surface in the form of edges, which height is smaller than the clearance between the container and ultrasonic converter of TT, the output end of the latter and the output ends of impact elements are made from hard-alloy. The transducer of reciprocating motion is magnetic and is installed in the container from nonmagnetic material, and the magnet is fixed in the housing. The compression spring located in a pressure chamber is installed between the edge of container and the end of housing turned to it. The pressure chamber is formed by cylindrical surfaces of the housing and container and is connected with atmosphere through a damping slot. The invention ensures decrease of heating of the ultrasonic converter and heated structural elements due to increase of the efficiency of forced-air cooling and authenticity of the control of temperature along most critical structural element for heating - the ultrasonic converter, and also provides for decrease of destructive action of the workable surface on the tool. |
