| 摘要 |
Centralizers made of a non-metallic material in a variety of styles are plac ed on the exterior of tubing or casing prior to expansion. The compliant nature of such material, when put into service in a centralizer for tubulars to be expanded prevents scoring the pipe on the way downhole. Scratches or scores of the pipe can be the location of stress fractures on expansion. Additionally, the resilient nature of the centralizers prevents them from adding significantly to the required expansion force and allows them to act as seal s against channeling in the cemented annular space after expansion.
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