| 摘要 |
In new methods of operating surface reactors, and new reactors employing such methods, the reactor comprises a helical reaction chamber formed as a coil surrounding a tubular support, or a groove machined in a cylindrical body. The passage is supplied with a high velocity flow of air or inert gas constituting a shear transmitting fluid that immediately spreads the reactants, one of which at least must be in liquid state, as they are fed into the chamber against the radially outermost wall of the chamber into a film of thickness not more than 150 micrometers, preferably not more than 120 micrometers, and more preferably less than 100 micrometers. The fluid is supplied at velocities of between 1 and 100 meters per second, preferably between 6 and 20 meters per second. At these speeds and corresponding centrifugal force, molecular clusters, which normally inhibit one on one molecular diffusion reaction between the reactant molecules, are disrupted by the highly sheared fluid to facilitate forced molecular interdiffusion, so that the molecules more aggressively and quickly interact with one another with considerably increased rates of reaction, e.g. 100 to 1,000 times increase. This use of an intermediate shear transmitting fluid traveling at high velocity in a circular path gives flexibility in the radial dimension of the reaction chamber, which can be as large as 10 mm radially and 6 mm longitudinally and provides one open surface of the sheared film of the reagents.
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