Biosensors, uses and manufacture thereof

摘要

A biosensor comprising at least a fragment of a protein receptor ready to bind to a suitable ligand at an active site and in which fragment, at least one of its amino acid residues located near the active site is a naturally present or substituted Cys, and having a fluorophore coupled to that Cys, is new. Independent claims are included with the following: (i) a protein-based chip comprising a solid support carrying the above immobilized biosensor; (ii) preparing the above biosensor, comprising: (a) selecting by research receptor the residues which, in the receptor-ligand complex are in direct contact with the ligand, or in contact by an intermediary water molecule, or whose surface accessible to solvent (ASA) is modified by binding or the ligand when using spheres of 1.4 -30, more preferably 1.4 - 2.9 angstroms for the solvent; (b) calculating accessibility to the solvent for the free receptor of atoms in positions gamma and eventually in position delta for each residue selected in (a) by using a 1.4 angstrom sphere, and selecting residues where the atom in position gamma or delta is accessible to the solvent (c) directly changing at least one of the residues selected in (b) to a Cys residue where the residue is not naturally Cys; and (c) coupling the S g atom of at least one of the Cys residues obtained in (b) or (c) with a fluorophore; (iii) preparing the claimed biosensor, comprising: (a) identifying the receptor active site mutating the whole, or a sub-set of the residues located in the vicinity of the active site and determining variations in the parameters of the interaction with the ligand (KD, k on, k off) due to each mutation or limited groups of changes (b) selecting Cys residues or residues changed to Cys situated in the vicinity of the active site along the sequence (c) directly changing at least one of the residues selected in (b) to a Cys where the residue is not naturally Cys; and (b) coupling the S g atom of at least one of the Cys residues obtained in (b) or (c) with a fluorophore; (iv) plasmid pMR1 having the sequence fully defined in the specification and deposited under CNCM number I-2386, or its derivative; (v) plasmid pMR1(VL-S93C) having the sequence fully defined in the specification and deposited under CNCM number I-2387, to prepare the claimed biosensor; (vi) a reagent for detecting, quantifying or localizing ligands, comprising at least the claimed biosensor; (vii) detecting, quantifying or localizing a ligand in a heterogeneous sample, comprising contacting the sample with the above reagent; and (viii) a kit for detecting inhibitors of ligand-receptor interactions comprising the above reagent.