Improvements in the production of polymers of unsaturated polymerisable ethylene derivatives

摘要

Polymerizable unsaturated ethylene derivatives are polymerized in aqueous dispersion in the presence of a dispersing agent of the general formula in which R and R1 represent identical or different aliphatic radicals with at least six carbon atoms, e.g. C9-C18 alkyl radicals, and X is an alkali metal or ammonium cation. Polymerizable compounds specified are vinyl and vinylidene halides, vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene and mixtures thereof, e.g. mixtures of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate or vinylidene chloride. Polymerization may be carried out with the aid of catalysts such as benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, persulphates, perborates and azo-bis-isobutyronitrile; in Example (3) a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and potassium persulphate is used. The polymerization medium may also contain protective colloids such as starch, suspension stabilizers such as barium sulphate, salts such as sodium phosphates, carbonate and acetate and magnesium sulphate and regulators such as dodecyl mercaptan di-isopropylxanthate disulphide and chlorohydrocarbons.ALSO:Compounds of the formula in which R and R1 represent identical or different aliphatic radicals with at least 6 carbon atoms and X is a cation of an alkali metal or ammonium, are prepared by sulphochlorination of a hydrocarbon fraction, reacting 2 mols. of the resulting sulphochloride with ammonia and neutralizing the acid hydrogen attached to the nitrogen with an alkali or ammonium hydroxide. There are disclosed sodium bis-alkyl sulphonimides in which the alkyl groups are C9 to C12, C12 to C15 and C16 to C18.