A method for identifying, diagnosing and/or staging or otherwise characterising a urologic cancer or neoplasia in a subject comprises isolating cell-free DNA from a urine sample taken from the subject and analysing the DNA to determine whether the DNA contains an epigenetic modification. The epigenetic modification is indicative of the presence or stage or other characteristic of the urologic cancer or neoplasia and thus facilitates diagnosis, staging or otherwise characterising the urologic cancer or neoplasia. Stabilising buffers may be added to collected urine samples to enhance storage stability, even without the need for centrifugation, at various temperatures. Cell-free DNA may be isolated through appropriate filtration or capture.
