| 摘要 |
FIELD: physics; measuring. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns to field of astronomo-geodetic measurings and can be used for definition of azimuthal directions on ground reference points for the solution of practical problems of navigation and ballistics. The method and the device of definition of an astronomical azimuth are intended for definition of an azimuth from measuring of time of cross by a star of the vertical plane transiting through a perpendicular to the first mirror. The astronomical azimuth of a perpendicular is spotted from evaluations with use of known formular dependence at known latitude, a longitude of an installation site of an astroviewfinder both hour coal and declination of an observable star. For measurement accuracy magnification lean against a standing in perpendicular space to a mirror smooth surface. For this purpose an input stream from a star in a horizontal plane before a telescope divide into two. The first is reflected from a smooth surface and guided to a telescope. Second is reflected twice. In a vertical plane both streams are equally canted to an impinging stream. In a horizontal plane both streams are equally canted to a perpendicular to a smooth surface of the first mirror, but have opposite signs. In this case in telescope focus it is formed two images of the same star. At its motion both images converge to the vertical plane transiting through a perpendicular to a smooth surface of the first mirror. Measuring, time is yielded nonsinglely on a relative position of two images. In the device before a telescope the optical block consisting of two devices is erected. In a vertical plane both device carry out function of the flat mirror canted in this plane to a direction on a star. In a horizontal plane the first mirror guides a stream from a star to a telescope as a flat mirror under a double corner to an impinging stream. The second device contains two mirrors under 90° corner to each other. Having reflected twice, light from a star will be spread in a horizontal plane in a direction opposite to a direction of slope. Levelling element of the device the spots during the moments of measuring of time of cross by a star of the vertical plane transiting through a perpendicular to a smooth surface of the first mirror, a standing of the specified perpendicular concerning horizon. ^ EFFECT: measurement accuracy increase. ^ 12 cl, 10 dwg |
