METHOD OF THERMAL CRACKING OF HEAVY-OIL PRODUCTS

摘要

The method of thermal cracking of heavy-oil products provides for that a stream of oil products outgoing from the heating furnace is supplied with a stream of the source oil product, whereupon they are jointly fed to a throttling device used for maintaining required pressure in the heating furnace, whereupon the liquid-vapor mixture formed as a result of throttling is delivered to a low pressure separator, from the bottom of which the heavy cracked residue is removed in two directions: the smaller flow would go as the process product, and the bigger flow would go through an intermediate container to return to the heating furnace, while from the upper part of the separator the light cuts are delivered to a rectifying column, from which are removed the cuts of cracked products of required composition and the rectification residue, which is fed to the aforesaid intermediate container for return to the heating furnace jointly with the separation residue, with the aggregate consumption exceeding consumption of the stock oil product with a factor of at least two, where the level of conversion of this oil product in the heating furnace coil is set in the same proportion to its target value as the ratio of consumption of the source oil product to consumption of the residue returned to be cracked in the furnace. Therefore, the same oil product is repeatedly delivered successively to the cracking zone and to the zone of separation of thermal cracking products, and further on returned again from the separation zone to the cracking zone. Duration of exposure in the cracking zone in a single run may be short. Here, controllability of the thermal cracking process is raised, the range for adjusting the process parameters is expanded, with the method versatility and efficiency ensured.