| 摘要 |
<p>The method for the processing of organically loaded wastewater with high portions of mineral oils, surfactants and surface-active protective components from autoworkshops or metal-processing plants, comprises supplying the wastewater into a first bioreactor (4) after flowing through a settling tank (2) for the separation of the sedimentation solids. The first bioreactor is operated on the principle of a fluidized fixed bed. The wastewater is flowed through an adjustable base-level ventilation (7) by fine air bubbles. The fixed bed is present with an aerobic biocenosis. The method for the processing of organically loaded wastewater with high portions of mineral oils, surfactants and surface-active protective components from autoworkshops or metal-processing plants, comprises supplying the wastewater into a first bioreactor (4) after flowing through a settling tank (2) for the separation of the sedimentation solids. The first bioreactor is operated on the principle of a fluidized fixed bed. The wastewater is flowed through an adjustable base-level ventilation (7) by fine air bubbles. The fixed bed consisting of floatable open-cellular foam body is present with an aerobic biocenosis forming a bio film, and facultative anaerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, by which the organic compounds are reduced. A reinforced adsorption of the organic compounds arises at the foam bodies due to the increased hydrophobicity. The biologically clarified wastewater after passage of the bioreactor is removed below a plant of a sub-atmospheric pressure by a cross-flow filtration in a microfiltration column (8) by particles, bacteria and turbidity and is supplied over a vacuum shell in an industrial water collecting main container (11). The wastewater from the first bioreactor is supplied to a second bioreactor in a cascaded manner, where the second bioreactor comprises another micro-biocenosis to the structure similar to the first bioreactor. The organic substances are reduced by settling of the foam bodies with metabolic specific microorganisms over the time. The foam body sinks in the base-surface of the bioreactor due to its larger middle density than its surrounding wastewater. The foam bodies settled with microorganisms float due to its smaller specific weight during the adsorption of larger quantities of organic compounds and remain at the wastewater level. The number and the full-volume of the foam bodies are selected in the bioreactor so that an abrasion of excessive cell and matrix volume is caused through constant mutual contact on the peripheral surface of the foam bodies. The foam bodies are held back by a filter mechanism (5) during flowing of the wastewater from the bioreactor. The wastewater and/or sludge resulting in the micro filtration column are led back into the settling tank. The resulting wastewater is influenced by a differentiated pore distribution of the foam bodies. The average pore size in the center of the foam body is smaller than the average pore size in the peripheral surface of the foam body. An independent claim is included for a device for the processing of organically loaded wastewater.</p> |
