Treatment of polyamide filaments

摘要

An aqueous emulsion contains a triglyceride having the structural formula:- wherein R designates aliphatic radicals, two of which have 1-5 carbon atoms and at most one double carbon to carbon bond each and one of which has 11-23 carbon atoms and at most 5 double carbon to carbon bonds. Specified triglycerides include diaceto-ricinolein, -linolein and -linolenin, which are preferred, especially the latter, in an amount of 0,5-3,0% by weight, and diaceto-laurin, -myristin, -palmitin, -stearin, -arachidin, -behenin, -liquocerin, -laurolein, -myristolein, -palmitolein, -olein, -gadolein, -erucin, -elastostearin, -licanin, -arachidonin, and -clupanodonin, and the corresponding dipropiono-, dibutyro-, divalero-, dicapro-, and dicrotonocompounds. The lower fatty acid substituents can be either in the a b or a g positions. Mixtures of these compounds may be incorporated in the emulsion, which may also contain non-ionic surface-active emulsifying agents, especially polyethers, e.g. alkylaryl polyoxyethylene ethanols, alkyl polyoxyethylene ethanols, alkylaryl polyoxypropylene ethanols and alkyl polyoxypropylene ethanols, especially the products made by reacting C10-C24 alcohols with 5-30 moles of ethylene oxide or other alkylene oxide, or by reacting alkyl substituted phenols with 8-30 moles of an alkylene oxide. A number of suitable mono- and poly-hydric alcohols and condensation products therewith is specified. The emulsion may contain 10-50% by weight of emulsifying agent, based on the weight of ester plus emulsifying agent, and 0,5-20% of the triglyceride, based on the weight of the emulsion. Such an emulsion may be made by mixing at 25 DEG -50 DEG C. the triglyceride, a non-ionic surface-active emulsifying agent, and water, the triglyceride being present in an amount of 0,5-20% by weight, based on the weight of the emulsion, and the percentage of emulsifying agent being 10-50, based on the weight of the triglyceride and emulsifying agent, and agitating the resulting mixture vigorously at 0 DEG -100 DEG C. until a stable emulsion is formed.ALSO:Nylon filaments are impregnated with an aqueous emulsion containing a triglyceride having the structural formula wherein R designates aliphatic radicals, two of which have 1-5 carbon atoms and at most one double carbon to carbon bond each and one of which has 11-23 carbon atoms and at most 5 double carbon to carbon bonds, and then stretched to increase their molecular orientation, the filaments during stretching having a triglyceride content of 0,05-3,0% by weight. The filaments may be made from nylon-66 or nylon-6, and the stretching may be carried at above 140 DEG C. but below the sticking temperature of the filaments. Specified triglycerides include diacetoricinolein, -linolein and -linolenin, which are preferred, especially the latter, in an amount of 0,5-3,0% by weight, and diaceto-laurin, -myristin, -palmitin, -stearin, -arachidin, -behenin, -lignocerin, -laurolein, -myristolein, -palmitolein, -olein, -gadolein, -erucin, -elastostearin, -licanin, -arachidonin, and clupanodonin, and the corresponding dipropiono-, dibutyro-, divalero-, dicapro-, and dicrotonocompounds. The lower fatty acid substituents can be either in the a b -or a g -positions. Mixtures of these compounds may also be used. The emulsion may also contain non-ionic surface active emulsifying agents, especially polyethers, e.g. alkylaryl polyoxyethylene ethanols, alkyl polyoxyethylene ethanols, alkylarylpolyoxy propylene ethanols and alkyl polyoxypropylene ethanols, especially the products made by reacting C10-C24 alcohols with 5-30 moles of ethylene oxide or other alkylene oxide, or by reacting alkyl substituted phenols with 8-30 moles of an alkylene oxide. A number of suitable compounds are specified. The emulsion may contain 10-50% by weight of emulsifying agent, based on the weight of ester plus emulsifying agent, and 0,5-20% of the triglyceride, based on the weight of the emulsion. In an example, freshly-spun nylon filaments are treated with an emulsion containing 18 parts by weight diaceto-ricinolein, two parts by weight of an emulsifying agent made by condensing a mixture of myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, arachyl, palmitoleyl, oleyl, and linoleyl alcohols with 20 moles ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, and 180 parts by weight of water, and then hot-stretched at about 180 DEG C. to about five times on a conventional drawtwist machine. Filaments so treated are especially useful as tyre cords.