| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: present invention pertains to the method of transferring metals and/or amines from a hydrocarbon phase into an aqueous phase. The method involves adding into an emulsion of hydrocarbon and water, a quantity of composition, sufficient for transferring metals and/or amines from a hydrocarbon phase into an aqueous phase, containing at least one thioglycolic acid, chloroacetic acid or hydroxyl acid dissolved in water, chosen from a group consisting of glycolic acid, gluconic acid, C2-C4-alpha-hydroxy acids, polyhydroxycarbonic acids, polymer forms of the above mentioned hydroxyl acids, polyglycolic esters with formula: , where n varies from 1 to 10, simple glycolate esters of formula: , where n varies from 1 to 10, and ammonium salt and alkali metal salts of these hydroxyl acids and their mixtures. The emulsion is divided into a hydrocarbon phase and an aqueous phase, where at least part of the metals and/or amines transfer into the aqueous phase. Use of the given method allows for moving, in a desalination process, most of or all metals from crude oil into an aqueous phase, with limited transfer of oil into the aqueous phase. The given invention also pertains to versions of compositions for transferring metals and/or amines from a hydrocarbon phase into an aqueous phase, and, processed hydrocarbon emulsion for processing into high-quality coke. ^ EFFECT: provision for transferring, in a desalination process, most or all metals from crude oil into an aqueous phase, with little transfer of oil into the aqueous phase. ^ 18 cl, 6 tbl, 83 ex, 1 dwg |
