| 摘要 |
<p>1407445 Gaseous hydrocarbons OCCIDENTAL PETROLEUM CORP 13 Nov 1972 52247/72 Heading C5E Gaseous hydrocarbons having 1 to 7 carbon atoms are produced by forming a turbulent stream composed of an inert carrier gas, water, hot particulate char and particulate carbonaceous solids, the solids having an individual maximum particle dimension of less than 1À0 inch, the stream having the solids and water initimately admixed with and entrained within the gaseous portion of the stream, the water being present in an amount of at least 2À0%, e.g. 7 to 18%, of the dry weight of the carbonaceous solids in the stream; passing the stream into a pyrolysis zone wherein heat exchange takes place between components of the stream and the carbonaceous solids are heated to a pyrolysis temperature of 650‹ to 1400‹ C. during a residence time, e.g. less than 10 seconds, in the zone such that at least a portion of the carbonaceous solids are converted to gaseous hydrocarbons containing from 1 to 7 carbon atoms; removing the product stream from the pyrolysis zone; and recovering the gaseous hydrocarbons from the product stream. The turbulent stream is defined as a stream of gas which, when flowing through the pyrolysis zone, e.g. a pipe-shaped reactor vessel, has a flow that is turbulent in nature, e.g. having a Reynolds flow Index Number greater than 2000. The carrier gas must not be deleteriously reactive with the char, organic solids or pyrolysis product values, and should thus be substantially free of air and oxygen; examples specified are nitrogen, argon, methane, hydrogen, hydrogen-enriched gas, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, flue gases and steam. The carbonaceous solids may comprise municipal, industrial and/or agricultural waste material. The gaseous product may be separated into product components and may consist mainly of ethylene. A substantial proportion of the heat supplied to the carbonaceous solids in the pyrolysis zone may be provided by sensible heat of the char in the turbulent stream; some of the heat may be supplied by indirect heating means. A portion of the solids content of the product stream may be separated therefrom, heated to a suitable temperature and thereafter recycled to the pyrolysis zone as the hot particulate char component of the turbulent stream to supply a substantial portion, e.g. substantially all, of the heat required by the carbonaceous solids in the pyrolysis zone.</p> |
