Microwave apparatus and method of operation to determine position and/or speed of a movable body or discontinuity or change in a material

摘要

This method of constructing microwave systems and processing the signal by correlation is applicable notably to tachometric, telemetric, directional and tracking control systems, to the detection of heterogeneousness and discontinuity in materials by using sensors of the direct-contact or contactless type. The method, based on microwave radiation and utilizing microwave receiving aerials and at least one correlator, comprises the steps of emitting through a radiating aerial a single microwave radiation from a microwave source having predetermined characteristics; receiving the transmitted microwave by means of receiving aerials disposed at different locations; directing the signal thus received towards one or a plurality of correlators, and analyzing the frequency spectrum of the output signal of the correlator or correlators by using Fourier's transformed curve circuits or any other means capable of extracting the fundamental of the output signal or measuring the time elapsing between two passages through zero of the output signal.