NOVEL SORBENTS AND PURIFICATION AND BULK SEPARATION OF GAS STREAMS

摘要

Porous-material- supported polymer sorbents and process for removal of undesirable gases such as H₂S, COS, CO₂, N₂O, NO, NO₂, SO₂, SO₃, HCl, HF, HCN, NH₃, H₂O, C₂H₅OH, CH₃OH, HCHO, CHCl₃, CH₂Cl₂, CH₃Cl, CS₂, C₄H₄S, CH₃SH, and CH₃-S-CH₃ from various gas streams such as natural gas, coal/biomass gasification gas, biogas, landfill gas, coal mine gas, ammonia syngas, H₂ and oxo-syngas, Fe ore reduction gas, reformate gas, refinery process gases, indoor air, fuel cell anode fuel gas and cathode air are disclosed. The sorbents have numerous advantages such as high breakthrough capacity, high sorption/ desorption rates, little or no corrosive effect and are easily regenerated. The sorbents may be prepared by loading H₂S-, COS-, CO₂-, N₂O, NO-, NO₂-, SO₂-, SO₃-, HCl-, HF-, HCN-, NH₃-, H₂O-, C₂H₅OH-, CH₃OH-, HCHO-, CHCl₃-, CH₂Cl₂-, CH₃Cl-, CS₂-, C₄H₄S-, CH₃SH-, CH₃-S-CH₃-philic polymer(s) or mixtures thereof, as well as any one or more of H₂S-, COS-, CO₂-, N₂O, NO-, NO₂-, SO₂-, SO₃-, HCl-, HF-, HCN-, NH₃-, H₂O-, C₂H₅OH-, CH₃OH-, HCHO-, CHCl₃-, CH₂Cl₂-, CH₃Cl-, CS₂-, C₄H₄S-, CH₃SH-, CH₃-S-CH₃-philic compound(s) or mixtures thereof on to porous materials such as mesoporous, microporous or macroporous materials. The sorbents may be employed in processes such as one-stage and multi-stage processes to remove and recover H₂S, COS, CO₂, N₂O, NO, NO₂, SO₂, SO₃, HCl, HF, HCN, NH₃, H₂O, C₂H₅OH, CH₃OH, HCHO, CHCl₃, CH₂Cl₂, CH₃Cl, CS₂, C₄H₄S, CH₃SH and CH₃-S-CH₃ from gas streams by use of, such as, fixed-bed sorbers, fluidized-bed sorbers, moving-bed sorbers, and rotating-bed sorbers.