| 摘要 |
A method and apparatus for heating a portion of a subsea structure 302 is provided. The method includes pumping a fluid through a length of tubing such that the temperature of the fluid increases. The temperature increase of the fluid may be created by friction in the tubing and may also be created by at least one pressure reducing device (318, fig.2B) such as an orifice, pressure reducing valve, or relief valve. A subsea structure can be heated by direct application of fluid to the subsea structure using a nozzle 306. Preferably, the fluid consists of seawater or water-glycol. A remotely operated vehicle 304 may be utilized to transport some or all of the equipment necessary, including pumps, tubing, heat exchangers, nozzles and tanks. Preferably, the remotely operated vehicle provides power to the pumps 316 used for circulating fluid through the tubing. |
