| 摘要 |
<p>To provide in vitro assays for modelling the human side effects of drugs, two procedures are disclosed. Firstly, a rapid fixing protocol is provided that can improve the ability to assay cell surface markers of cell activation, allowing them to be quantified while still present at high levels. This fixing protocol is particularly useful when working with whole blood, thereby permitting immune cell responses to be assessed in the presence of endogenous plasma proteins and the like. Secondly, the CD11b cell surface marker can be used as a predictive indicator of undesired inflammatory activity. Substances can thus be tested in vitro against human blood cells, particularly substances that are not known or expected to provoke an inflammatory response, with up regulated expression of CD11b indicating a potential in vivo problem. These two approaches can be used separately or in combination.</p> |
