| 摘要 |
FIELD: engines and pumps. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to engine building and can be used in internal combustion engines (ICE) with controlled supercharging. The novelty of the invention consists in that the resonance effect is exploited in one engine working cycle three times, that is, in intake, exhaust and has flow bypassing cycles. Note here that the gas flow acoustic path is controlled in the intake, exhaust and bypass systems by varying the volume, not by throttling, that allows reducing losses originating in gas heat exchange. The proposed invention notably reduces the feed pipeline path because the intake charge is formed right nearby the intake device, and the path of a channel feeding a fresh charge from the variable-volume receiver in the working cylinder is notably smaller than the path of channels in adjusting the acoustic path by throttling. The gas flow acoustic path at the exhaust cycle is also adjusted by varying the volume, i.e. hot gases from the working cylinder are released directly into the receiver avoiding a long limited-diameter exhaust pipe during the hot gas exhaust. The power output increases two and more times thanks to efficient use of the previous cycle power, that is, a direct return of the previous cycle hot gas into current cycle via a feedback bypass channel into the intake manifold. The inclusion volume fraction of harmful substances in the exhaust gases reduces to, at least, 60 to 70% in idling, from 60% to 70% to 40% to 10% in changing from idling to 1/3 of the maximum output, and from the latter to the maximum output it decreases from 40% to 10%. ^ EFFECT: higher ICE efficiency due to increase in power-per-liter, decrease in specific fuel flow rate, lower toxicity of exhaust gases, wider range of engine output adjustment. |
