| 摘要 |
An ultra-expansion four-stroke internal combustion engine, includes a cylinder and a piston, wherein the compression degree of the admission space that satisfies the power requirement is maintained at 1.8-5 Mpa at the end of compression stroke to form the condition of increasing combustion temperature and pressure. According to an ultra expansion ratio that can be achieved by the effective working pressure, the working volume of cylinder is designed to be larger than the admission space, so that the heat energy remained after constant volume expansion working of the combustion gas may be exploited for further expanding under adiabatic condition to form the ultra-expansion working condition. Several cooling water jackets are arranged on the combustion chamber and the upper part of the cylinder, while no cooling water jacket is equipped at the lower part of the cylinder and a heat-insulating structure is applied thereto, thereby avoiding the heat loss in the process of the ultra-expansion working to improve the effect of ultra-expansion working. The diameter of the intake valve is reduced and the diameter of the exhaust valve is increased to decrease the exhaust advance angle and enhance the effect of ultra-expansion. The invention can increase the heat efficiency significantly, reduce the fuel consumption and/or reduce the environment contamination.
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