| 摘要 |
FIELD: security facilities. ^ SUBSTANCE: according to the first version the proposed sandwich fire protective structure based on composite plates can be fixed on the surface of the facility being protected and comprises low-density basalt-fibrous material layer, adhesive interlayer and heat-resistant protective-decorative plate which are sequentially adjacent to the above surface. Thicknesses and materials of the structure layers are chosen so that to provide for evaporation of water containing in the outer layer and adhesive interlayer, diffusion of the produced water vapour into the inner basalt-fibrous layer and under further heating evaporation of moisture condensed on the fibres surface, in case of fire attack or non-stationary heating of the structure outer layer surface. According to the second version the proposed sandwich fire protective structure can be fixed on the surface of the facility being protected with an air gap. The adhesive interlayer is made from heat-expanding material which is characterised by sooting when heated. Thicknesses and materials of the structure layers in this version are chosen so that to provide for precipitation of carbon particles on the inner layer fibres surface resulting from cracking of hydrocarbons which are included into the composition of the products of thermal decomposition of the adhesive interlayer organic or polymer part and for formation of an additional layer of foam coke resulting from thermal decomposition and swelling of the adhesive interlayer containing thermally expanding graphite, in case of fire attack or non-stationary heating of the structure outer layer surface . Fire protective structure layers are made with the consideration of physical effects appearing under heating and leading to the alteration of the adjacent layers composition; this fact allows blocking of radiant-convection heat flow coming from the flame to the surface of the facility being protected. ^ EFFECT: increasing up to the specified level fire resistance ratings of supporting and enveloping building structures primarily in high-rise buildings. ^ 6 cl, 3 dwg |
