| 摘要 |
A method and formulations have been developed to accelerate ethanol elimination from the body, which combine enzymes that oxidize alcohol to acetate, enzymes which regenerate NADH to NAD, substrates which are rate limiting for the requisite enzymes, buffering agents which protect the enzymes against pH variations (e.g. low gastric pH), gastric acid sequestrants which block synthesis of gastric acid, protease inhibiting agents and other agents which protect the enzymes against proteolysis, carbohydrates which protect labile enzymes against bile salt inactivation, and a source of oxygen for efficient catalysis by some of the enzymes, with a packaging for delivery of a functional enzyme system to an appropriate in vivo site for ethanol conversion to acetate. The oxygen source can be mechanical means, such as a tube or catheter which directs oxygen from a high pressure source into the upper gastrointestinal tract for the most rapid removal of ethanol from the blood as in the case where a patient has overdosed and is unconscious, a physical carrier of oxygen, for example, oxygen microencapsulated in an appropriate polymeric matrix, or an oxygen generating formulation such as catalase (one to ten million units) with hydrogen peroxide (0.1 - 200 grams), which is stable to passage through the stomach and releases oxygen in the gastrointestinal tract. The formulation is preferably administered orally, although it can also be packaged for administration in any surface through which rapid transport of ethanol from blood to the enzymes can occur. A preferred surface for rapid ethanol transport is mucosal membrane such as is found in the intestine or mouth. |
