| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in qualitative and quantitative evaluation of degree of both structural and deformational heterogeneity of such elastomers as oriented polyethylene terephtalate (PETP) or high-pressure polyethylene (HPP), using device for sample heating. As researched polymer sample, preliminary oriented PETP or HPP plate or film is used. Sample is placed on polished substrate, and a sheet of foil made of heat-conducting material is placed on the top of sample surface. Sample is heated through the foil with flat heating element at temperature 1.5-2.5 times higher than upper limit of operating temperature Top., during 2-15 seconds and under pressure of 3-4 g/cm2. Then pressure is reduced to 0.3-0.4 g/cm2, keeping heating element on sample during 1-15 seconds. After that, heating element is removed and sample is air-cooled. Degree of heterogeneity is determined visually both on sample surface and in the volume. After shrinkage change of form of investigated material sample is studied, followed by investigation of tension of compression and stretching in detected sections of higher and delayed deformations respectively in the form of deflection of positive and negative signs, in samples of investigated PETP. Also structure-formation at over-molecular level of different sample sections is studied. ^ EFFECT: detecting structural heterogeneity at the level of over-molecular organisation, visualisation of heterogeneities, simplification and acceleration of detection and investigation method. ^ 16 dwg |
