| 摘要 |
998, 827. Impedance measurement; determining physical dimensions and qualities. STEWARTWARNER CORPORATION. April 17, 1962 [June 14, 1961], No. 14829/62. Headings G1N and G1U. An impedance measuring device for e.g. a capacitance transducer comprises an oscillator having a resonant circuit shunted by the unknown impedance, and a frequency discriminator having a second resonant circuit tuned to the same frequency as the oscillator for an initial value of impedance; the two resonant circuits being coupled with a coefficient of coupling less than 1/Q where Q is the combined quality factor of the resonant circuits; the discriminator output being dependent on the deviation of the impedance from its initial value. In an automatic height control device for a gas cutting machine, a capacitative transducer 10 (Fig. 1) is spaced from workpiece 13 adjacent to torch 11 and determines the frequency of oscillator 12 initially tuned to a frequency determined by a preset height. The oscillator output energises a frequency discriminator 14 whose output dependent on height deviations excites bipolar relay 16 controlling reversible motor 22 which is geared to adjust the height of the transducer 10 and torch 11 above the workpiece and restore the oscillator frequency to its initial value. In Fig. 2 the capacitative transducer 10 is autotransformer coupled over coaxial line 54 across the tank circuit 30, 32 of adjustable initial frequency of Hartley type transistor oscillator 12, whose frequency varies in accordance with the transducer/workpiece displacement, and is loosely coupled to discriminator 14 over winding 70 whose centre tap is connected over line 74 to the tank circuit. Winding 70 is connected over slug tuned balanced bifilar windings 71 to the bases of transistors 78a, 78b as a resonant circuit with capacitor 72 at the initial frequency of oscillator 12, and the collectors are interconnected to the voltage supply 50 while the emitters are grounded over impedances 82a, 82b shunted by capacitors 86a, 86b so that a direct voltage appears across the impedances representing in polarity and sense the deviation of the oscillator signal for the discriminator tuned frequency (Fig. 3 not shown). Coupling between resonant circuits 26 and 73 is held between 0.3/Q and 0.5/Q where Q is the combined effective quality factor of the circuits. The output signal is zero when the oscillator frequency is identical with the discriminator frequency, and the impedances 82a, 82b may constitute the windings of the control relay 16. The apparatus is adaptable to measure absolute values of inductance or capacitance using a meter between the emitters of transistors 78a, 78b, and it is also usable as a capacitative aperture or thickness gauge. Specification 995, 421 is referred to. |
