| 摘要 |
The novel positively charged pro-drugs of lH-imidazo[4, 5-c]quinolin-4-amines and related compounds in the general formula (1) 'Structure 1' or formula (2 ) 'Structure 2 ' were designed and synthesized. The compounds of the general formula (1) 'Structure 1' or formula (2) 'Structure 2' indicated above can be prepared from lH-imidazo[4, 5-c]quinolin-4-amines and related compounds, by reaction with suitable acetic anhydride or acetic chloride. The positively charged amino groups of these pro-drugs not only largely increases the solubility of the drugs in water, but also bonds to the negative charge on the phosphate head group of membranes. This bonding will disturb the membrane a little bit and may make some room for the lipophilic portion of the prodrug. When the molecules of membrane move, the membrane may 'crack' a little bit due to the bonding of the prodrug. This will let the prodrug insert into the membrane. At pH 7.4, only about 99% of the amino group is protonated. When the amino group is not protonated, the bonding between the amino group of the prodrug and the phosphate head group of the membrane will disassociate, and the prodrug will enter the membrane completely. When the amino group of the prodrug flips to the other side of the membrane and thus becomes protonated, then the prodrug is pulled into the cytosol, a semi-liquid concentrated aqueous solution or suspension. The results suggest that the pro-drugs diffuse through human skin -25 times faster than do lH-imidazo[4, 5-c]quinolin-4-amines and related compounds. In plasma, more than 90% of these pro-drugs can change back to the parent drugs in a few minutes. The prodrugs can be used medicinally in treating any lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amines and related compounds-treatable conditions in humans or animals. The prodrugs can be administered transdermally for any kind of medical treatments and avoid most of the side effects of 1H-imidazo[4, 5-c] quinolin-4-amines and related compounds. Controlled transdermal administration systems of the prodrug enables lH-imidazo[4, 5-c]quinolin-4-amines and related compounds to reach constantly optimal therapeutic blood levels to increase effectiveness and reduce the side effects of lH-imidazo[4, 5-c]quinolin-4-amines and related compounds. |
