Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés pour la conversion des hydrocarbures

摘要

Normally gaseous hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas, refinery gas, &c., are converted into liquid products comprising chiefly aromatic compounds, e.g. benzol, toluol &c. suitable for use as antiknock fuels by partially converting the gases preferably preheated to 550 DEG C. in a coil 4 in a first heating zone, e.g. a coil 6 heated to 650--950 DEG C. and passing the dissociated products into a second heated or soaking zone 14 in which they are mingled with liquid gasoline or naphtha stock, the mixture being maintained at conversion temperature (600--900 DEG C.) so that a high anti-knock gasoline is obtained. The gasoline stock is introduced through a pipe 28 and in addition condensate may be recycled through a pipe 56. Steam and/or air may also be injected into the coil 14 through pipes 24, 26 and a portion of the charging stock through a line 10. The products pass to a carbon separater 32 maintained at sufficient temperature to coke any oil condensed therein or recycled through a pipe 52 and thence to a precipitater 36 in which tar and the like are precipitated by cooling and electrical discharges, the precipitated products being flashed and distilled with steam in a tower 44 and the residues recycled through the line 52 by a pump 54. The tower 44 is divided into two sections by a pan 46 in which a condensate is collected and recycled to the soaking zone 14 through pipes 56. Vapours pass from the still to a tower 60 from which condensates are removed to a receiver 64 while the vapours pass off through a condenser 70 to a receiver 68. Vapours from the separater 36 are passed through a pipe 76 to an absorber 78 connected by a pipe 80 to a scrubber 82 supplied with a light gasoline fraction through a line 104 which first scrubs the residual vapours in the tower 82 and is then passed through a line 106 into the tower 78 as absorbing agent. The rich oil thus obtained is fractionated in a still 74 where it is mixed with distillate from the receiver 68. The still is heated by a steam coil 92 and fractions are taken off through the line 90, 86, 88 the scrubbing oil being recovered from the bottom and recirculated through the line 104. Vapours passing off at the top of the column are condensed in a condenser 94 and separated from gases in a receiver 96 the gases being returned to the scrubber 82 while part of the condensate may be sent as reflux to the still 74 through a pipe 100. Residual gases from the scrubber 82 may be returned through the pipe 108 to the soaking zone as a temperature controlling medium. British Specification 207,276, [Class 32, Distilling &c.], and U.S.A. Specification 1,717,334 are referred to.ALSO: Normally gaseous hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas, refinery gas &c. are converted into liquid products comprising chiefly aromatic compounds, e.g. benzol, toluol &c. suitable for use as anti-knock fuels by partially converting the gases preferably preheated to 550 DEG C. in a coil 4 in a first heating zone, e.g. a coil 6 heated to 650--950 DEG C. and passing the dissociated products into a second heated or soaking zone 14 in which they are mingled with liquid gasolene or naphtha stock, the mixture being maintained at conversion temperature (600--900 DEG C.) so that a high anti-knock gasolene is obtained. The gasolene stock is introduced through a pipe 28 and in addition condensate may be recycled through a pipe 56. Steam and/or air may also be injected into the coil 14 through pipes 24, 26 and a portion of the charging stock through a line 10. The products pass to a carbon separator 32 maintained at sufficient temperature to coke any oil condensed therein or recycled through a pipe 52 and thence to a precipitator 36 in which tar and the like are precipitated by cooling and electrical discharges, the precipitated products being flashed and distilled with steam in a tower 44 and the residues recycled through the line 52 by a pump 54. The tower 44 is divided into two sections by a pan 46 in which a condensate is collected and recycled to the soaking zone 14 through pipes 56. Vapours pass from the still to a tower 60 from which condensates are removed to a receiver 64 while the vapours pass off through a condenser 70 to a receiver 68. Vapours from the separator 36 are passed through a pipe 76 to an absorber 78 connected by a pipe 80 to a scrubber 82 supplied with a light gasolene fraction through a line 104 which first scrubs the residual vapours in the tower 82 and is then passed through a line 106 into the tower 78 as absorbing agent. The rich oil thus obtained is fractionated in a still 74 where it is mixed with distillate from the receiver 68. The still is heated by a steam coil 92 and fractions are taken off through the line 90, 86, 88, the scrubbing oil being recovered from the bottom and recirculated through the line 104. Vapours passing off at the top of the column are condensed in a condenser 94 and separated from gases in a receiver 96, the gases being returned to the scrubber 82 while part of the condensate may be sent as reflux to the still 74 through a pipe 100. Residual gases from the scrubber 82 may be returned through the pipe 108 to the soaking zone as a temperature controlling medium. British Specification 207,276, [Class 32], and U.S.A. Specification 1,717,334 are referred to.