| 摘要 |
#CMT# #/CMT# Catalyst comprises a support formed of a material with hierarchical porosity comprising silicon and at least two elementary spherical particles, where each of the spherical particles comprises zeolitic nanocrystals having a pore size of 0.2-2 nm and a silicon oxide matrix, mesostructured with a pore size of 1.5-30 nm and having amorphous wall with thickness of 1-30 nm, where the elementary spherical particles has a maximum diameter of 100 mu m; and an active phase containing a hydro-dehydrogenating element of group VIB and/or group VIII of the periodic table. #CMT# : #/CMT# Independent claims are included for: (1) a hydrocarbon hydrocracking and/or hydroconversion process using the catalyst; and (2) a hydrotreatment process of hydrocarbon charges using the catalyst. #CMT#USE : #/CMT# The catalyst is useful: for the hydrocarbon hydrocracking and/or hydroconversion process; and for the hydrotreatment process of hydrocarbon charges (claimed). #CMT#ADVANTAGE : #/CMT# The catalyst maintains the stable catalytic activity. The catalyst has texture and structural properties. #CMT#INORGANIC CHEMISTRY : #/CMT# Preferred Components: The hydro-dehydrogenating element of the active phase is elements of group VIB and elements of the group VIII. The hydro-dehydrogenating element of the active phase comprising elements of the group VIB of the periodic classification is molybdenum and tungsten (preferred). The hydro-dehydrogenating element comprising elements of the group VIII of the periodic table is cobalt, nickel (preferred) and platinum. The active phase is formed of at least an element of the group VIB and an element of the group VIII. The zeolitic nanocrystals have a pore size of 0.2-0.8 nm. The zeolitic nanocrystals comprise at least a zeolite comprising aluminosilicates ZSM-5, ZSM-48, ZSM-22, ZSM-23, ZBM-30, EU-1, EU-2, EU-11, beta, zeolite A, Y, USY, very ultrastable zeolite Y (VUSY), superdealuminated ultrastable zeolite Y (SDUSY), mordenite, NU-87, NU-88, NU-86, NU-85, IM-5 and IM-12 and Ferrite and/or at least a similar type of solid comprising silicoaluminophosphates (SAPO)-11 and SAPO-34. The zeolitic nanocrystals comprise a zeolite comprising aluminosilicates of structural type MFI, BEA, FAU, LTA and/or at least a similar type of solid comprising silicoaluminophosphates of AEL and CHA structural type. The elementary spherical particles have a diameter of 50nm to 10 mu m. The silicon oxide matrix, mesostructured material with hierarchal porosity, is entirely silica. The silicon oxide matrix, mesostructured material with hierarchal porosity comprises at least an X element comprising aluminum (preferred), titanium, tungsten, zirconium, gallium, germanium, phosphorus, tin, antimony, lead, vanadium, iron, manganese, hafnium, niobium, tantalum and yttrium. The hydrocarbon charges are light cycle oil (LCO) (light diesel oil obtained from a catalytic cracking unit), atmospheric distillates, vacuum distillates, the charges obtained from aromatic extraction units of lubricating base oil or obtained from solvent dewaxing of lubricating base oils, distillates obtained from desulfurization process or hydroconversion in fixed bed or bubbling bed of atmospheric residue and/or vacuum residues and/or deasphalted oil, deasphalted oil alone or in combination. The hydrocarbon charges pass on a catalyst bed or different adsorbent of hydrocracking and/or hydroconversion or hydrotreatment catalyst. Preferred Process: The hydrocarbon hydrocracking and/or hydroconversion process is carried out in one step and two steps. The hydrocarbon hydrocracking and/or hydroconversion process comprises a first hydroforming reaction zone and a second reaction zone, where hydrocracking is operated in a portion of the effluent of the first zone and comprising an incomplete separation of ammonia from effluent leaving the first zone. The hydrocarbon hydrocracking and/or hydroconversion process comprises a first hydroforming reaction zone, where the charge is contacted with a hydroforming catalyst showing a cyclohexane conversion rate of less than 10 mass. % in standard activity test, and a second hydrocracking reaction zone in which a part of effluent obtained from the hydroforming step is contacted with a hydrocracking catalyst showing a cyclohexane conversion rate of greater than 10 mass.% in standard activity test. The process operates in fixed bed and in a bubbling bed. The hydrotreatment process is take place prior to the hydrocracking and/or hydroconversion process. The process operates in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature of greater than 200[deg] C under a pressure of greater than 1 MPa, where the spatial speed is 0.1-20 h -> 1> and the quantity of introduced hydrogen is as the volume ratio of hydrogen/hydrocarbon is 80-5000 l/l. |
