| 摘要 |
<p><PICT:0697792/III/1> Endothermic reactions between solids and gases yielding solid or liquid products are performed by injecting the solid suspended in the gas through annular nozzle 55 into reaction zone 30 so that the annular stream surrounds a central zone in which a high temperature is maintained by means of an exothermic reaction, e.g. between preheated air introduced at 33 and a gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon entering through nozzles 67. Heated residual gas from the process may be introduced as a helical stream near the walls of the reaction zone through oblique nozzles 72. Cold residual gas is fed through nozzle 84 to cause separation of the reaction products, some of which are collected at 87; further separation is effected in chamber 90, which is cooled and may be provided with apparatus 94 for generating ultrasonic vibrations, and in cyclone separators 98, 99. Apparatus is described, Fig. 2 (not shown), for preheating the air and residual gas used in the process by passing them through regenerators which are heated by burning residual gas or fuel gas. Cyanides (e.g. sodium syanide) are produced by reacting a suspension of carbonates (e.g. sodium carbonate) in hydrocarbon gas with nitrogen; elementary carbon or a catalyst, e.g. iron oxide, may be mixed with the carbonate. Reference is also made to producing iron powder or spongy iron by injecting iron ore suspended in a reducing gas.ALSO:Iron powder or spongy iron is produced by injecting axially an annular stream of finely pulverized iron ore suspended in a reducing gas into a reaction chamber so that the annular stream surrounds a central zone in which a high temperature is maintained by means of an exothermic reaction e.g. between preheated air and a gaseous, liquid, or finely divided solid fuel (see Group III).</p> |
