| 摘要 |
FIELD: production of aluminum by electrolysis, namely designs of cathode devices of aluminum cell. ^ SUBSTANCE: cathode device includes casing, cathode blocks with cathode rods, lining under cathode blocks. Said lining includes layer of smoothing bulk material, two horizontal layers of refractory material and one or two horizontal layers of heat insulation material. Board lining is arranged along perimeter of cathode casing between cathode blocks and lower portion of casing walls. Board lining includes heat insulation and refractory materials embracing cathode casing inside at level consisting of 0.5 - 0.65 and 0.7 - 0.8 of height of cathode block respectively. Board lining is arranged along upper portion of walls of cathode casing and it includes parts mutually joined with adhesive or cementing composition (namely plates of non-metallic refractory compounds and inserted blocks of carbon-containing materials or non-metallic refractory compounds) mounted by acute angle relative to horizontal axis of cell. Peripheral seams with thickness consisting of 0.1 - 0.3 of height of cathode block are formed at the same level with cathode blocks. In upper portion of lateral there is layer of refractory material having high heat conductance and improved resistance against oxidation. Plates of board lining of non-metallic compounds are made of silicon carbide material or carbon -containing or carbon-containing with additive of silicon carbide material or carbon-containing materials with additive of silicon carbide in range 3 - 5% having higher resistance against oxidation of air oxygen and abrasive wear. Thickness of peripheral seams made of carbon-containing filling mass consists of 0.1 - 0.3 of height of cathode block. In upper part of board lining just between lower part of flange unit and upper surface of plates of board lining there is layer of refractory material of high heat conductance and improved resistance against oxidation. Height of such layer consists 0.1 - 0.2 of height of cathode block. ^ EFFECT: protection of upper portion of board lining against oxidation by air oxygen penetrating through holes of skin of frozen electrolyte, through leakages of design of flange unit of cathode casing, effective heat radiation from lateral lining to flange unit, creation of stable lining slag in electrolyte zone. ^ 6 cl, 2 dwg |
