| 摘要 |
By means of the four-component catalysts described below, a -olefinic hydrocarbons may be polymerized; monomers specified are ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene, allyl benzene, styrene, vinylcyclohexane, butadiene, isoprene and 1:3-pentadiene. Mention is made also of mixtures of ethylene and propylene. Hydrogen may be introduced into the polymerization reaction to alter the molecular weight of the polymers; the latter are isolated using the common extraction and washing procedures. Polymerization catalysts comprise (1) Al, Zn or Mg, (2) Ti, Zr, V, Cr, or Mo, (3) Cl2, Br2, I2 or interhalogen compounds such as ICl or IBr, and (4) an additional component either (a) of general formula R13Z (wherein Z = N, P, As or Sb and R1 = H or C1-12 alkyl, aryl or aralkyl) or (b) of one of the general formulae POY3, PY3, RCOY or (CH2)n(COY)2 (wherein Y is -NHR or -OR, R = H or C1-8 alkyl and n is an integer from 1 to 4). Components specified are: (a) phosphine, tributyl-amine and -phosphine, diethyl-aniline and -a -naphthylamine, triphenyl-arsine, -phosphine and -stibine, and tridodecylamine; (b) hexamethylphosphoric amide, triethyl and trioctyl phosphate, triethyl and tributyl phosphite, N:N-dimethyl-acetamide and -formamide, adipamide and phosphate mixed amide-esters, e.g. C2H5OP(O)(NEt2)2. Use of an inert organic diluent, e.g. an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or alkylaromatic hydrocarbon, or a halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon, is preferred, many such diluents being specified.
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