| 摘要 |
<p>A controlled nitric acid process employing oxygen and nitric acid as co-o xidants is used to oxidize organic compounds subject to nitric acid oxidatio n, to their corresponding carboxylic acids. Oxidation of some carbohydrates by this process can produce one or more of their corresponding acid forms. T he process is carried out at moderate temperatures, typically in the range o f 20°C to 45 °C in a closed reactor, with oxygen gas being introduced into t he reaction chamber as needed in order to sustain the reaction. Computer con trolled reactors allow for careful and reproducible control of reaction para meters. Nitric acid can be recovered by a distillation / evaporation process , or by diffusion dialysis, the aqueous solution made basic with inorganic h ydroxide, and the residual inorganic nitrate removed using a filtration (nan ofiltration) device. The method eliminates issues of thermal control of the oxidation, release of nitrogen into the atmosphere, and post-reaction diffic ulties in the removal of nitric acid and inorganic nitrates.</p> |
