| 摘要 |
The present invention refers to improvements in a system and apparatus for transmitting the load of a building to the piles head thereof, where the system is formed by a co-planar-parallel strength system integral with the longitudinal axis of a pile and that of stud bolts for forming a frame, this latter element having a cube located at the lower portion thereof fastened to the foundation, said frame being cast about a rim where the pile is freely passed through the foundation, the rim having the vertical parts of the frame anchored over the protrusion of the pile diameter, said parts being simultaneously formed by two fixed anchors located at the side portion thereof, which provide a rail through which the pile diametric axis, two large screws fastened to the anchor by the lower portion thereof are vertically and horizontally displaced; the anchors provide a flat seat at the upper portion thereof for locating a yoke which form the upper horizontal portion of the frame, the end porti ons of the seat being flat at the lower portion thereof so that the contact of the anchor with the yoke is a stable support for the yoke at any moment. The yoke has two hollows through which the large screws are freely passed which are useful for fastening the yoke over the anchor head; the yoke comprises a metallic plate located at the central upper and lower portions thereof, one or two hydraulic cylinders being supported at the upper portion thereof, and an asymmetric element or a plastic flow cell at the lower portion thereof which is located between the pile head and the yoke. One or two hydraulic cylinders are located at the central portion of the yoke, coupling nuts being located at the screw upper end portions, where large screws are threaded therein, said large screws being introduced into a secondary yoke which is fastened by the upper portion thereof using the large screws and their respective nuts. The hydraulic piston or pistons are pressed against the yokes upon actuatin g the same, thus raising the upper yoke which is not displaced due to the nuts action excreted thereto, thereby the large screws being upwardly pulled as well as the anchors and the building itself, this latter element remaining stable due to its heavy weight; the whole load and strength generated by the building or the pistons is supported on the lower yoke, which simultaneously transmits the load thereof to the pile head through the asymmetric element of the plastic flow cell, the building therefore being stabilized over the anchors in case of occurring a strong seism or against the strength eccentricity and homogeneity of the mahogany wood with which the cubic cuvettes of the plastic flow cell are manufactured, wood being located at the elastic limit and at the front portion of the plastic. The horizontal flat seat of the anchor head and the lower end portions of the flat-shaped yoke, which are useful for forming a stable contact, along with the fact that the large screws are displ aced through the slide of the anchor heads, allow the screws to be aligned with the same plane of the pile axis, thereby allowing the coplanar-parallel strength system to work in a stable manner at any moment.
|
