主权项 |
1.一种多取代吡啶-2(1H)-酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征是在Vilsmeier反应条件下采用乙酰基乙酰胺类化合物一步合成多取代吡啶-2(1H)-酮类化合物,如下式所示:<img file="A2007100561010002C1.GIF" wi="1154" he="373" />式中反应原料(I)为乙酰基乙酰胺类化合物:其中,R<sup>1</sup>为-H,-CH<sub>3</sub>,-CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-CH(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-CH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,-C(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>4</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-CH<sub>2</sub>C(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>5</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>7</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>8</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>9</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>10</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>11</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>-,PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,Ph-,4-CH<sub>3</sub>Ph-,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)Ph-,4-[CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]Ph-,4-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH]Ph-,4-CH<sub>3</sub>OPh-,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,4-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHO]Ph-,4-ClPh-,4-BrPh-,4-FPh-,4-NO<sub>2</sub>Ph-,4-CNPh-,2-CH<sub>3</sub>Ph-,2-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)Ph-,2-[CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]Ph-,2-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH]Ph-,2-CH<sub>3</sub>OPh-,2-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,2-(CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,2-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHO]Ph-,2-ClPh-,2-BrPh-,2-FPh-,2-NO<sub>2</sub>Ph-,2-CNPh-,3-CH<sub>3</sub>Ph-,3-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)Ph-,3-[CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]Ph-,3-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH]Ph-,3-CH<sub>3</sub>OPh-,3-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,3-(CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,3-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHO]Ph-,3-ClPh-,3-BrPh-,3-FPh-,3-NO<sub>2</sub>Ph-,3-CNPh-,2,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Ph-,2,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>Ph-,3,4,5-(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>Ph-,3,4,5-(CH<sub>3</sub>O)<sub>3</sub>Ph-;R<sup>2</sup>为-H,-CH<sub>3</sub>,-CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-CH(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-CH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>4</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-CH<sub>2</sub>C(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>5</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>7</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>8</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>9</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>10</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>11</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>-,PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-CH<sub>3</sub>PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-[CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH]PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-CH<sub>3</sub>OPhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O)PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHO]PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-ClPhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-BrPhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-FPhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-NO<sub>2</sub>PhCH<sub>2</sub>-,4-CNPhCH<sub>2</sub>-,CNCH<sub>2</sub>-,-CH<sub>2</sub>COOCH<sub>3</sub>,-CH<sub>2</sub>COOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>,Br-,Cl-,F-,Ph-,4-CH<sub>3</sub>Ph-,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)Ph-,4-[CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]Ph-,4-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH]Ph-,4-CH<sub>3</sub>OPh-,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,4-(CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,4-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHO]Ph-,4-(CH<sub>2</sub>=CH)Ph-,4-ClPh-,4-NO<sub>2</sub>Ph-,4-CNPh-,2-CH<sub>3</sub>Ph-,2-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)Ph-,2-[CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]Ph-,2-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH]Ph-,2-CH<sub>3</sub>OPh-,2-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,2-(CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,2-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHO]Ph-,2-ClPh-,2-NO<sub>2</sub>Ph-,2-CNPh-,3-CH<sub>3</sub>Ph-,3-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)Ph-,3-[CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]Ph-,3-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH]Ph-,3-CH<sub>3</sub>OPh-,3-(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,3-(CH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O)Ph-,3-[(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHO]Ph-,3-ClPh-,3-NO<sub>2</sub>Ph-,3-CNPh-,3,5-(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Ph-,3,5-(CH<sub>3</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>Ph-;产物(II)为吡啶-2(1H)-酮类化合物:其中,当原料(I)中R<sup>1</sup>=-H时,R<sup>3</sup>=-CHO;当原料(I)中R<sup>1</sup>≠-H时,R<sup>3</sup>=R<sup>1</sup>;反应中所用Vilsmeier试剂:由三氯氧磷或三溴化磷与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺在0~10℃下按1∶3摩尔比例混合,搅拌15-30分钟获得;按上式,将3.0~10.0摩尔倍数的上述新配制的Vilsmeier试剂加入装有回流冷凝管、搅拌器的反应瓶中,搅拌下冷却至0℃,向体系中在20分钟至1小时内加入1.0摩尔倍数的反应通式中表示的一种反应原料(I)的20~100摩尔倍数的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液,然后升温至30~120℃,继续搅拌1~10小时,停止反应,经硅胶柱层析分离得相应的多取代吡啶-2(1H)-酮类化合物(II),产率在60~95%之间。 |