| 摘要 |
Methods of processing seismic data to remove unwanted noise from meaningful reflection signals are provided for. Assembled seismic data are transformed from the offset-time domain to the time-slowness domain using a Radon transformation. Preferably, an offset weighting factor xn is applied to the amplitude data, wherein 0<n<1, and the Radon transformation is applied within defined slowness limits pmin and pmax that will preserve coherent noise, and according to an index j of the slowness set and a sampling variable Deltap; wherein <maths id="MATH-US-00001" num="00001"> <math overflow="scroll"> <mrow> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mi>max</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mi>min</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo></mo> <mstyle> <mspace width="0.8em" height="0.8ex"/> </mstyle> <mo></mo> <mi>µ</mi> <mo></mo> <mstyle> <mspace width="0.3em" height="0.3ex"/> </mstyle> <mo></mo> <mi>sec</mi> <mo></mo> <mstyle> <mtext>/</mtext> </mstyle> <mo></mo> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>Delta</mi> <mo></mo> <mstyle> <mspace width="0.3em" height="0.3ex"/> </mstyle> <mo></mo> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math> </maths> Deltap is from about 0.5 to about 4.0 musec/m. The coherent noise content of the transformed data is then enhanced, and the primary reflection signal content diminished by filtering at least a subset of the transformed data. The filtered data are inverse transformed from the time-slowness domain back to the offset-time domain using an inverse Radon transformation, and, if necessary, an inverse of the offset weighting factor pn is applied to the inverse transformed data, wherein 0<n<1, to restore the amplitude data. The restored amplitude data of the filtered data are then subtracted from the originally assembled amplitude data. The coherent noise content of the assembled amplitude data is thereby diminished and the primary reflection signal content enhanced. |
