| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to improved method of obtaining organic acids, including coal or peat crushing, preparing water-alkali suspension, periodic filling of oxidation reactor, heating of suspension in reactor, suspension oxidation under increased thermobaric conditions with air oxygen, cooling of oxidation products, their removal from reactor and separation of target acids, in which for oxidation non-ballast suspension, prepared by boiling dry coal or peat, NaOH and water, is used, cooling of said mixture, sedimentation, discharging from sediment, thickening discharged material and if necessary adding NaOH, non-ballast suspension having the following composition: organic substances of coal or peat -15-25%, NaOH -3.5-5%, remaining part - water, suspension is injected into reactor into volume of adiabatically 14-21 times compressed air till pressure is 3.5-5.5 MPa and adiabatically heated to 700°-900° K for time 10-2 -10-3 sec in amount 1 g of suspension organic substances per 1.2 and more litres of air in normal conditions, then stabilisation and tempering of oxidation products is carried out by adiabatic expansion, stabilised and tempered products of oxidation are removed from reactor, and target acids or their fractions are separated from them. Invention also relates to device for realisation of method of obtaining organic acids, which includes Diesel engine, operating in 2- or 4-stroke cycle, in which as reactor, Diesel engine is used, which additionally has outer constant crankshaft drive, fuel pump and sprayers, fuel pump and sprayers ensure suspension disperse at a rate 1 g of organic substances per 1.2 and more litres of air in normal conditions. ^ EFFECT: increase of productivity and efficiency of organic acids production by reducing oxidation time, ballast content, alkali and air consumption, and also utilisation of kinetic energy of oxidation gases. ^ 2 cl, 4 tbl |
