| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemical industry; other industries; methods of production of the glued woodwork. ^ SUBSTANCE: the invention provides, that the multitubular reactor consists of the set of the reaction tubes containing the placed in them catalyst, and the housing supplied with the reaction tubes located inside it, in which the heat-carrier passing in the inter-tubular space is introduced. The reaction tubes are selected from the tubes having the equal nominal outer diameter and the wall thickness. The tolerance of the outer diameter is selected from ±0.62 % and the tolerance of the wall thickness - from ±19 % up to -0 %. The tolerance of the outer diameter - from ±0,56 % and the tolerance of the wall thickness - from ±17 % up to -0 %. The method of the catalytic oxidation in the vapor-phase consists in the usage of the multitubular reactor, circulation of the heat carrier in the reaction tubes inter-tube space and feeding of the source gas into the reaction tubes filled with the catalyst, for production of the gaseous product of the reaction, including the determination of the performance specification on the catalyst packing into the reactionary tubes. The multitubular reactor additionally includes the deflectors connected with the reaction tubes through the positions of the joints, for the change of the directions of the passage of the heat-carrier medium introduced into the housing. It is possible to use the heat-exchange reactor with the immovable layer of the catalytic agent additionally containing the set of the reaction tubes, in the inter-tube space of which the heat carrier is passing. The specification is determined by means of provision in one of the reaction tube of at least two catalytic layers with the different specifications of packaging of the catalyst and the change of the lengths of the reaction zones of the reaction tube for relocation of the places of the maximal temperatures of the catalytic layer along the reaction tube or formation of the layer containing the thinning agent in the reaction tube disposed in the places of the joints for determination of the specification on the catalyst packaging to provide the control of the reaction temperature in the places of joints. The version of realization the method of the catalytic oxidation use oxidation of propylene, propane or isobutylene and-or (metha) acrolein by the catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase with the help of the gas containing the molecular oxygen, for production of the (metha)acrolein and-or the(metha)acrylic acid including the packaging of the Mo-Bi catalyst and-or Sb-Mo catalyst in the reaction tubes so, that activity is increasing from the inlet of the process gas into the reaction tubes up to the outlet of the process gas from the reaction tubes and ensures the possibility for the heat-transfer medium and the process gas to pass through as the counter current. The multitubular reactor used in the method contains: the cylindrical housing, the set of the annular tubes, the circulation device, the set of the reaction tubes limited by the set of the of tube plates of the reactor and containing the catalyst, and the set of the deflectors. According to the method of the start-up of the shell-and-tube reactor having the circulating system of the heat-exchange medium, which is the solid substance at the room temperature, the heating of reaction tubes takes place by introduction of the gas with the temperature from 100 up to 400° into the inter-tube space of the reaction tubes and circulation of the heated heat carrier. The shell-and-tube reactor has the reaction tubes and the inlet and the outlet for the liquid passing in the inter-tube space of the reaction tubes for withdrawal of the heat formed inside the reaction tubes. Due to the method of the catalytic oxidation the invention ensures prevention of formation of the local overheating and the clogging of the reaction tubes, the increased outlet of the gaseous product of the reaction and the increased service life of the catalyst and also the stable operation of the multi-tube reactor for the long time. ^ EFFECT: the invention ensures prevention of formation of the local overheating and the clogging of the reaction tubes, the increased outlet of the gaseous product of the reaction and the increased service life of the catalyst and also the stable operation of the multi-tube reactor for the long time. ^ 17 cl, 14 dwg |
