| 摘要 |
FIELD: industrial organic synthesis and catalysts. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to synthesis of aromatic nitro compounds used as intermediates in production of polyurethanes and other polymer materials, dyes, medicaments, and explosives. Nitration of aromatic compounds is carried out on cellular high-porosity catalyst with only 50-80% nitric acid and is characterized by that reaction proceeds in column-type apparatus wherein catalyst unit is operated at 70 to 210C and functions simultaneously as reaction and rectification zone, to the middle portion of which nitric acid and hydrocarbon to be nitrated are supplied and reaction water is removed from the top portion of the unit in the form of azeotrop with nitrated compound. ^ EFFECT: improved safety of process and significantly reduced volume of exhausted acid without loss in the process rate. ^ 3 ex |
