| 摘要 |
FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines. ^ SUBSTANCE: proposed internal combustion engine contains at least one cylinder accommodating piston mechanically coupled with crankshaft, cylinder head with fitted-in intake and exhaust valves, combustion chamber made in form of cavities in cylinder head under one of valves and in piston crown charge, swirlers made in form of end face projections enclosing one of cavities of combustion chamber, adjoining to other cavity when piston is in top dead center, and forming tangentially directed channels, and igniter installed in recess of cylinder head. Combustion chamber on piston crown is made in form of cavity from solid of revolution whose axis coincides with axis of cylinder or is located near the axis. Charge swirlers in form of end face projections with tangential channels are arranged around combustion chamber on piston crown and adjoin cavity on cylinder head when piston is in top dead center. Valves are fitted in cavities in cylinder head whose depth corresponds to depth of cavity in cylinder head and height of end face projections on piston crown. For diesel engine nozzle is used as igniter which is arranged in cavity of cylinder head. For multiple-fuel engine both nozzle and spark plug are used as igniters which are fitted in cavity of cylinder head. For forced ignition engines spark plug is used as igniter. End face projections adjoining valve plates are made with smaller height to preclude their contacting when piston is in top dead center. Combustion chamber and end face projections on piston crown or entire surface of piston crown are provided with heat insulating material coating, for instance, zirconium dioxide. Combustion chamber and end face projections on piston crown are made of cast iron or steel of low thermal conductivity being cast into or fastened in crown of aluminum alloy piston. ^ EFFECT: increased power output of engine, reduced content of toxic components and hard particles in exhaust gases. ^ 10 cl, 5 dwg |
